Additional peak load caused by an outdoor temperature increase of 1 °C and avoided peak load due to the sale of higher-efficiency air conditioners in India, 2019-2030

inefficient technologies. Rising temperatures and the consequent growth in the use of air conditioning are already straining India's electricity system. In 2019, each 1°℃ increase in outdoor temperature added around 5 GW to peak demand. By 2024, this had risen to 7 GW, and without stronger efficiency measures could reach 12 GW by 2030. If India were to experience additional heatwaves similar to those of recent years, with temperature anomalies exceeding 4°℃, peak demand standards, however, the resulting peak load during heatwaves could be cut by