Fig 2: Examples of key capabilities underpinning engineering biology (Council for Science and Technology, 2023)
biological systems and processes. This interdisciplinary field integrates techniques from biosciences, engineering, and physical sciences, with synthetic biology at its core. Synthetic biology involves creating biological components, systems, and materials from biological elements for innovative purposes. EngBio uses u pue mou 'aueid aue pue aldoad Ka paoef sanss! buissaippe 'sabualleuo peiaios (Council for Science and Technology, 2023) The engineering principle at the heart of EngBio is the 'design, build, test, learn' obtain the desired outcome, requiring an iterative process to drive innovation.