Box 6.1. Impacts of climate change in the production of trout and scallops In 2018, rainbow trout production in Peru reached a historic peak of 64 000 tonnes (t). This was the result of sustained aquaculture expansion in high Andean regions supported by private investment in, inter alia, an increased number of young trout introduced, improvements in farming and marketing techniques, and greater use of technology in production systems. However, in 2019, intense rainfall and strong winds (due to El Nino Southern Oscillation [ENSO]) led to abnormal wave activity, disrupting trout farms around Lake Titicaca and Lagunillas Lagoon (located in the Puno region), negatively impacting production. pandemic on rainbow trout harvest and production including, notably, weaker demand from domestic and export markets, difficulties with transport and distribution, and the rising cost of feed and other inputs. In the case of scallops (also known as fan shells), which are highly sensitive to oceanographic conditions, particularly sea temperature and dissolved oxygen levels, there were significant fluctuations in total harvest between 2014 (55 000 t) and 2022 (26 000 t). This is als0 a result of the negative impacts due to the ENSO 2017, which disrupted salinity levels and reduced the productivity of natural basins. In 2019, production peaked again (53 0o0 t), explained by improved environmental conditions and a recovery of aquaculture systems, leading to a sharp rise in scallop exports, which grew by 56% by volume compared to 2018, and reaching over 11 300 t. This, in turn, encouraged farmers to expand their harvests. restocking, combined with low investment in maintaining cultivation areas, price instability in international markets and the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Source: Government of Peru (2024[1), Review of Peru's fisheries and aquaculture: Policy information request for the background report
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