from type-approved fuel consumption, the regulated metric in China's fuel economy standards for HDVs. Overall, diesel city buses and coaches have recorded a sustained decline in CO2 emissions since 2014. By 2024, CO2emissions were 31% lower than they were in 2014. For diesel trucks and tractors, however, the road to meeting regulatory targets has been bumpier. Sales-weighted average CO2 emissions from new type-approved models in 2015. Since the introduction of Stage 3 standards in ICCT REPORT I THE EVOLUTION OF DIESEL HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES IN CHINA, 2O14-2024