CCR：2026技术越智能 人类越“愚笨”？技术如何增益与弱化人类认知及其教育启示研究报告（英文版）（78页）.pdf

1、 Technologies Smarter,Humans“Dumber”?How Technology Improves and Diminishes Human Cognition and What This Means for Education By Dr.Dirk Van Damme,Distinguished Senior Research Fellow,with contributions from Charles Fadel,Founder&Chairman,Center for Curriculum Redesign February 2026 2026 Center for

2、Curriculum Redesign,Inc.All Rights Reserved.Please cite this publication as follows:Van Damme,D.(2026).Technologies Smarter,Humans“Dumber”?How Technological Advances Improve and Diminish Human Cognition and What This Means for Education.Boston,MA:Center for Curriculum Redesign.Center for Curriculum

3、Redesign,Inc.2026 Technologies Smarter,Humans“Dumber”?|p.2 Table of Contents Abstract.5 Introduction.5 Technology as an epistemic change agent.6 The epistemological history of technology.8 Historical synthesis.8 Patterns.9 Changes in human cognition.12 Benefits and losses.13 Recurrent themes.15 Atte

4、ntion.15 Cognitive offloading.17 Tacit knowledge.20 Adaptability.22 Implications for education.23 Layers of cognitive competence.23 Educational answers to the historical patterns.28 Educational implications of the key cognitive challenges.30 Conclusions.38 Is technology making humans“dumber”?Yes and

5、 No.38 Balancing cognitive diminishment and enhancement.39 Annex.42 Fire.42 Agriculture.44 Writing.46 Construction.48 Mechanical timekeeping.49 Perspective.50 Printing.52 Mechanization.53 Chemistry.55 Electricity.56 Transportation.58 Refrigeration.59 Media.61 Center for Curriculum Redesign,Inc.2026

6、Technologies Smarter,Humans“Dumber”?|p.3 Calculators.62 Computing.64 Internet.65 GPS.67 Smartphones.69 Social media.71 Artificial intelligence.74 Figures Figure 1.Five-layer framework.28 Tables Table 1.The evolutionary trajectory of the epistemic consequences of technological innovation.9 Table 2.Ph